Left-Invariant Metrics for Diffeomorphic Image Registration with Spatially-Varying Regularisation.

Summary We present a new framework for diffeomorphic image registration which supports natural interpretations of spatially-varying metrics. This framework is based on left-invariant diffeomorphic metrics (LIDM) and is closely related to the now standard large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM). We discuss the relationship between LIDM and LDDMM and introduce a computationally convenient class of spatially-varying metrics appropriate for both frameworks. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on a 2D toy example and on the 40 3D brain images of the LPBA40 dataset.