State of the art of pension systems in French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa.

Summary This paper provides an overview of pension systems in French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa. Generally, pension systems are designed for the formal sector (government employees, private sector employees and certain specific trades). However, numerous reforms have been carried out with the main objective of reducing the financial deficit of these pension schemes and extending social protection to the self-employed (informal sector). In this article, we will first look at the pension context in the CIPRES zone. In this section, we will focus on the challenges facing pension systems, the economic and social context and the organization of the pension system. Secondly, we will analyze the existing pension systems of some countries in the CIPRES zone. In practice, we will discuss the insured population, the technical management (financial burden, financing and asset allocation), as well as the reforms (if any) made to the schemes to ensure their long-term sustainability. Finally, in the conclusion, we will make recommendations that could help ensure the technical management of pension plans over the long term. These three parts will allow us to place the subject in its context in order to understand the problem of retirement in the CIPRES zone.