Study of the internal structure of the Moon.

Summary This thesis presents a new view of the internal structure of the Moon, through Apollo seismological data, and recent results from Clementine and Lunar Prospector. After a review of lunar exploration and science, we present the first use of receiver functions on lunar seismological data, which identified Sp phases, converted to the base of the crust. We then describe our complete re-investigation of the Apollo seismological data, and the inversion of the arrival times which leads us to propose a new model of the Moon's interior. The main feature is a crust of about 30 km thickness, twice as thin as previous estimates. The last part of the thesis considers for the first time the seismological data in terms of lateral variations of the Moho depth, via a Monte-Carlo inversion, whose results are directly comparable to gravity models.