"We are formula breakers": anarchist writers in France at the end of the nineteenth century.

Summary This thesis analyzes the historical and literary modalities of the commitment of anarchist writers in France in the years 1880-1900. The end of the century is marked by the encounter, not free of misunderstandings but extremely fertile, between anarchist theorists interested in art, and writers engaged "in the social scrum". The debates around the social role of the writer in the small reviews are accompanied by numerous and varied literary achievements. The anarchist writers, while denouncing the "representations" (political, economic or historical), point out the danger of a literature with thesis which could prove alienating for the readers. The corpus is made up of more than sixty authors (activists or literati, known or forgotten) who, at the end of the century, tried to propagate the libertarian idea by means of works of fiction: they tried to live the "utopia" of a committed and non-dogmatic literature - a question that is still relevant today.