Biofuel policies and reforms of the Common Agricultural Policy.

Summary Biofuels are developing rapidly in many countries thanks to government support, which is a necessary condition for their production. Thus, this thesis aims to study the regulation of biofuel support policies. More specifically, this work aims to shed light on the close links between biofuel policies and agricultural policies. Biofuel policies have evolved drastically over the last 3 years, moving from being a policy subordinate to agricultural policy to a central position at the crossroads of agricultural, environmental and energy policies. The work presented in this thesis is organized into three parts. First, we present the reasons behind the rapid development of biofuels. Then, in a second part, the interactions of biofuel policies with current agricultural policies are examined. This second part aims to assess the necessary changes in current policies to take into account the growing importance of energy crops in total agricultural production. Finally, a third part focuses on a new theoretical framework for the regulation of the agricultural sector, whose production is dual (it produces both a "classical" agricultural good and an environmental good): the Common Agency theory is used for this modeling. Thus, the common thread of the ideas developed in this thesis is the study of the interactions between biofuel policies and agricultural policies. Biofuels appeared during a reform of the CAP in 1992, are now central actors of the current CAP and will undoubtedly represent a key aspect of future agricultural policy reforms.