The regulation of banking activity: a contribution to the study of the stability of the banking system in the CEMAC, WAEMU and EU regions.

Summary Banking regulation must be seen as the fact of supervising and controlling banking activity, subjecting it to compliance with various standards, in order to control the risks in order to preserve the safety of depositors, the stability of the financial system and the major economic balances. As domestic banking systems have become increasingly interdependent, it seems necessary to deal with threats in the same way, in a coordinated manner at the international level or, at least, at the regional level. Thus, in the aftermath of the 1990 crises, the CEMAC and WAEMU established a regulatory system marked by a plethora of regulations and community supervisory bodies. Since the debt crisis in Europe, banking regulation has evolved in this region with the creation of the Banking Union. That said, the supervision of banking institutions has been entrusted to the European Central Bank within the EU, although it remains shared with national authorities. In this paper, we will compare the regulatory systems in force in the CEMAC, WAEMU and EU regions. We will see how the regions of Central Africa, West Africa and Europe organize banking regulation in order to preserve the stability of banks. In order to do so, it will be necessary to compare the different bodies in charge of regulation and the main rules of regulation that exist in these regions.