Collective management and rights in biotechnology: an economic analysis.

Summary In this article, the author analyzes the characteristics of innovations in the field of plant biotechnologies and, in particular, the innovator's capacity to exclude access and to limit or not rivalries in uses. He then briefly recalls the history of agricultural biotechnologies and the status of both the inputs and the results of the research. It then presents the various collective management methods that have been implemented. Finally, it concludes with a prospective analysis of the creation of new common goods in the field of genomic selection.