Three essays in environmental and development economics.

Summary Deforestation in Brazil has been a significant phenomenon since the 1970s, accelerating mainly due to agricultural expansion and infrastructure development such as roads. In order to reduce the incentive for deforestation, the authorities have implemented several sets of environmental conservation programs. Understanding the impacts of these policy interventions on both environmental (deforestation intensity) and socio-economic (effect on poverty, effect on local population development) issues is essential for these public policies to be implemented effectively.Nevertheless, access to spatial, economic, and social data due to the size of the country makes impact assessment difficult. This thesis is organized around two themes: spatial analysis and impact assessment. The creation of an original database at a level of aggregation that is, to our knowledge, very little studied allows us to extend the research on the socio-economic impact of environmental public policies.